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Infectious diseases causing pathologies of the reproductive system (part 2)

One of the characteristic features of many infectious diseases in animals is damage to the reproductive system. Such pathologies often lead to impaired reproductive function, which is manifested in abortions, delayed parturition, inflammatory processes, in particular metritis, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, as well as the formation of defective or non-viable offspring in females. In males, respectively, orchitis, balanoposthitis and other inflammatory lesions of the genital organs are observed. Such complications are due to the tropism (selective ability) of infectious agents to the tissues of the reproductive system. Thus, a significant part of reproductive disorders in animals is infectious in nature, which requires timely diagnosis, prevention and complex treatment to preserve the reproductive potential of the livestock. Among infectious diseases that have a significant impact on the reproductive health of farm animals, viral infections are of particular danger. In particular, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBRT), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), porcine parvovirus and circovirus infections, and equine rhinopneumonia are diseases that are often accompanied by serious disorders in the functioning of the reproductive system. Lesions caused by these viruses often lead to abortions, stillbirths, the birth of weak or non-viable offspring, as well as other pathologies, such as sexual cycle disorders, endometritis, and infertility. The tropism of these viruses to the tissues of the reproductive organs is a key factor in the development of such complications, which requires serious attention to preventive, diagnostic, and biosafety measures in animal husbandry. Effective diagnosis and differentiation of infectious diseases of animals, especially those affecting the reproductive system, is based primarily on the use of modern laboratory research methods. In order to prevent the spread of such diseases and minimize their impact on animal productivity and reproduction, complexes of anti-epizootic measures are being implemented. They include sanitary and hygienic measures, isolation of sick individuals, disinfection of premises, control over the movement of animals, as well as regular veterinary observation. In addition, therapeutic and preventive measures are widely used, in particular the use of antiviral drugs, immunomodulators and immunobiological agents. Such a comprehensive approach allows not only to timely detect infected animals, but also to effectively control the course of the infectious process, reducing the risks of mass damage and losses in the farm.

Keywords: infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBRT), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), porcine parvovirus infection, porcine circovirus infection, equine rhinopneumonia.

V. Kassich


USHKALOV V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-632X


USHKALOV A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8317-7909


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Scientific Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2'2025