You are here

Ultrasonic control over the course of the postnatal period and diagnosis of obstetric pathology in the bitches

The article presents the results of ultrasound examination of uterine females in the postpartum period. It is established that during its physiological course on the 3rd day, the cervix and body of the uterus are placed in the pelvic cavity dorsally with respect to the bladder, and the horns of the uterus - in the abdominal cavity cranially, in the area of - the loops of the large intestine. On the ultrasound it is noted that the horns of the uterus are expanded, with a diameter of 15-18 mm. The walls of the horns are thickened, with sections from 4 mm to 6 mm. Its tissues are of average echogenicity, of heterogeneous consistency. Hypoechoic homogeneous content is observed in the visualized uterine cavity. In females with delayed litter during this period, uterine horns with a diameter of 1.91–1.96 cm were visualized, with a thickened wall that had hypoechoic areas. In addition, the endometrial relief was folded, uneven, and in some places, its desquamated fragments were visualized. Diagnostic sign of delay of litter was the detection in the uterine cavity of tissue structures of amniotic membranes with increased echogenicity. On the 7th day after childbirth, ultrasound signs of metritis were detected on the background of the delay of the litter. The uterine wall reached 3.3–3.9 cm, had a heterogeneous tissue structure and increased echogenicity. In the internal relief of the uterus, areas of desquamated endometrium were visualized and hyperechogenic contents were present in the uterine cavity. It is proved that ultrasound scan of the uterus into the bough is an eff ective method of monitoring the course of postpartum involution and provides early diagnosis of obstetric pathology. The main diagnostic ultrasound indicator for the delay of litter in the boughs is the visualization of the structures of the amniotic membranes in the uterine cavity, hyperechogenic areas and thickening of its walls. The development of postpartum metritis is indicated by signifi cant thickening of the uterus and its mucous membrane, areas of desquamated endometrium and the presence of hyperechoic content in the uterine cavity.

Key words: bitch, postpartum period, uterine involution, delay of litter, metritis, ultrasound.

 

1. Ordin, Y.M., Plakhotniuk, I.M. (2017). Endokrynnyi profi l krovi koriv za normy i akusherskoi patolohii [Endocrine profi le of cows blood for norm and obstetric pathology]. Visnyk Zhytomyrskoho natsionalnoho ahroekolohichnoho universytetu [Bulletin of Zhytomyr National Agro-Ecological University]. no.1, pp. 285–291.

2. Velbivets, M.V., Plakhotniuk, I.M., Baban, O.A., Ordin, Y.M., Yeroshenko, O.V. (2018). Perebih pisliarodovoho periodu v koriv za normy ta patolohii [Postpartum period in cows for norms and pathologies]. Materialy mizhnarodnoi nauk. prakt. konf. ,,Ahrarna osvita ta nauka: dosiahnennia, rol, faktory rostu (Bila Tserkva 27-28 veresnia) [Proceedings of the International Scientifi c and Practical Conference, Agrarian Education and Science: Achievements, Role, Growth Factors (Bila Tserkva, September 27-28)].

3. Vlasenko, S.A. (2015). Statevi steroidy u krovi koriv protiahom reproduktyvnoho tsyklu za hniino-nekrotychnykh urazhen v diliantsi paltsiv [Sex steroids in the blood of cows during the reproductive cycle for purulent-necrotic lesions in the area of the fi ngers]. Biolohiia tvaryn [Animal biology]. Lviv.

4. Stravskyi, Y.S., Serheiev, V.I. (2018). Dezintoksykatsiia orhanizmu koriv u pisliarodovyi period [Disinfection of the body of cows in the postpartum period]. Veterynarna biotekhnolohiia [Veterinary biotechnology]. Issue 32(2), pp. 515‒521.

5. Kharenko, M.I., Khomyn, S.P., Koshovyi, V.P. (2005). Fiziolohiia ta patolohiia rozmnozhennia dribnykh tvaryn: navchalnyi posibnyk [Physiology and pathology of reproduction of small animals]. Sumy: Cossack Shaft Publishing House, pp. 473‒477.

6. Ponomarova, O.S. (2012). Poshyrennia akusherskykh i hinekolohichnykh khvorob u suk: materialy nauk.-prakt. konf., fakultetu veterynarnoi medytsyny LNU veterynarnoi medytsyny ta biotekhnolohii im. S.Zh. Hzhytskoho. (Lviv 19–20 kvitnia 2012 r.) [Dissemination of obstetric and gynecological diseases in females: materials of scientifi c conference of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LNU Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology. S.J. Gzycki. (Lviv, April 19-20, 2012)]. Lviv , pp. 39–40.

7. Omelianenko, M.M. (2004). Endometryt i piometra suk (kliniko-eksperymentalni dani): avtoref. dys. … kand. vet. nauk: 16.00.07. [Endometritis and pyometra of boughs (clinical and experimental data): abstract of the dissertation of the candidate of veterinary sciences: 16.00.07.]. Kyiv, 20 p.

8. Omelianenko, M.M. (2000). Khronichnyi prykhovanyi endometryt: etiolohiia, patohenez, diahnostyka [Chronic latent endometritis: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis]. Visnyk Derzhavnoi ahroekolohichnoi akademii Ukrainy [Bulletin of the State Agro-ecological Academy of Ukraine]. Zhytomyr, pp. 214–215.

9. Rublenko, S.V., Yeroshenko, O.V. (2012). Monitorynh veterynarnoi dopomohy i struktura khirurhichnoi patolohii sered dribnykh sviiskykh tvaryn v umovakh miskoi kliniky [Monitoring of veterinary care and the structure of surgical pathology among small domestic animals in the conditions of the city clinic]. Visnyk Sumskoho nats. ahrar. un-tu [Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University]. Sumy, pp. 150‒154.

10. Rublenko, M.V., Yeroshenko, O. V., Plakhotniuk, I. M. (2015). Vmist deiakykh pokaznykiv systemy hemostazu v krovi sobak za pirometry: materialy II mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. Internet-konf. (Ternopil 20–21 zhovtnia 2015 r.) [Content of Some Indicators of Hemostasis in Dog Blood by Pyrometers: Proceedings of the Second International Scientifi c Internet Conference (Ternopil October 20-21, 2015)]. Ternopil, pp. 145–147.

11. Verstegen, J., Dhaliwal, G., Verstegen-Onclin, K. (2008). Mucometra, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, and pyometra in the bitch: advances in treatment and assessment of future reproductive success. New York, 374 p.

12. Maddens, B., Daminet, S., Smets, P. (2010). Escherichia coli pyometra induces transient glomerular and tubular dysfunction in dogs. Vet Intern Med. 1270 p.

13. Whitehead, M.L. (2008). Risk of pyometra in bitches treated for mismating with low doses of oestradiol benzoate. Vet Rec. no. 2, pp. 746‒749.

14. Simpson, G., England, G., Harvey, M. (2004). Manual of small animal reproduction and neonatology. Bsava. 246 p.

15. Feldman, E.C., Nelson, R.W. (2004). Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. 3rd edition. M.: Saunders, 867 p.

16. Kustritz, M.R. (2010). Clinical canin and feline reproduction. Evidence-Based Answers. no. 12, 335 p.

17. Allen, V.Je. (2002). Polnyj kurs akusherstva i ginekologii sobak [Full course of obstetrics and gynecology of dogs]. (Vtoroe izdanie ispravlennoe i dopolnennoe Gjeri K.U. Ingljend.). Per. s angl. O.Suvorov [(Second Edition revised and supplemented by Gary C.W. England.). Translation from English by O. Suvorov.]. Moscow: AQUARIUM LTD, 448 p.

18. Diulher, H.P. (2002). Fyzyolohyia razmnozhenyia y reproduktyvnaia patolohyia sobak [Physiology of reproduction and reproductive pathology of dogs]. Kolos. 149 p.

19. Holumbiiovska, T.V., Stefanyk, V.Yu. (2018). Porushennia vidtvornoi funktsii u suk ta metody diahnostyky [Violation of reproductive function in females and diagnostic methods]. Naukovyi visnyk LNUVMB imeni S.Z. Gzhytskoho [Science News of LNUVMB imeni S.Z. Ґzhitsky]. no. 83, pp. 385–395.

20. Inhlend, D. (2007). Ultrazvukove doslidzhennia reproduktyvnykh orhaniv u suk [Ultrasound examination of reproductive organs in females]. Zdorov’ia dribnykh tvaryn [The health of small animals]. no. 1, pp. 13–15.

21. Johnston, S.D., Root, M.V., Olson, P.N. (2001). Clinical approach to infertility in the bitch. Canine and Feline Theriogenology. pp. 257‒275.

22. Barr, F. (1999). Ultrazvukovaia dyahnostyka zabolevanyi sobak y koshek. [Ultrasound diagnosis of diseases of dogs and cats]. Aquarium LTD. 208 p.

23. Margaret, Rot Rustritz. (2010). Clinical canine and feline reproduction. University of Minesota сollege of veterinary medicine. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 37‒49.

24. Ferri, S.T.S., Vicente, W.R.R., Toniollo, G.H. (2003). Estudo da involução uterina por meio da ultra-sonografi a (modo-B) em cadelas submetidas a cesariana.

25. Dickie, A. (2006). Imaging of the reproductive tract. Diagnostic Ultrasound in Small Animal Practice / ed. P. Mannion. Blackwell, Iowa, USA. pp. 154–155.

26. England, G., Yeager, A., Concannon, P.W. (2003). Ultrasound imaging of the reproductive Tract of the bitch. Recent Advances in Small Animal Reproduction / ed. P.W. Concannon, G. England, J. Verstegen, C. Linde-Forsberg. International Veterinary Information Service (www.ivis.org). Ithaca, New York, USA.

27. Lenard, Z.M., Hopper, B.J., Lester, N.V., Richardson, J.L., Robertson, I.D. (2007). Accuracy of prediction of canine litter size and gestational age with ultrasound. Australian Veterinary Journal. 85(6), pp. 222–225.

28. Gil, E.M.U., Garcia, D.A.A., Giannico, A.T., Froes, T.R. (2015). Use of B-mode ultrasonography for fetal sex determination in dogs. Theriogenology. 84, pp. 875–879.

AttachmentSize
PDF icon cherkavskiy_2_2019.pdf3.41 MB